打结器支架精铸毛坯误差分析与五轴数控加工方法

针对打结器支架铸造毛坯存在误差、支架结构复杂、难以加工成型等问题，为了减小支架毛坯铸造误差对加工质量的影响，基于三维扫描技术对打结器支架毛坯进行逆向检测与分析，得到同一批次铸造支架毛坯的误差分布规律。通过推导不同空间坐标系下的轴孔中心坐标变换规律，提出一种支架轴孔加工位置偏离理想位置的调整方法。针对打结器支架的5个空间交错轴孔和1个凸轮曲面，设计了打结器支架的专用夹具，制定了五轴数控加工工序，通过一次装夹可完成5个空间交错的轴孔和凸轮曲面的加工。将加工成型的支架和其他零部件组装成打结器，进行了方草捆打结试验，结果表明，打结器支架上各轴孔的相对位置与角度关系准确，打结动作精准、可靠，支架加工成品率为99%，方草捆成结率为100%。     

基于状态变换法的车辆悬架系统时滞反馈控制

为了提高车辆行驶平顺性和稳定性,研究悬架系统中时滞补偿控制效果,本文以赛欧轿车悬架系统为基础,建立2自由度车辆半主动悬架系统模型,设计了时滞反馈控制器,采用理论与试验相结合的方法对系统时滞反馈控制特性进行研究。首先建立含时滞的悬架系统动力学方程,采用常微分理论和多项式判别方法分析系统稳定性,并通过时域与频域仿真对结果进行验证。研究表明:采用传统二次型最优控制律对含时滞的悬架系统进行控制,当系统控制时滞较大时,系统定性特性可能会发生改变,甚至会失稳发散。为保证系统的稳定性,采用状态变换方法设计时滞反馈最优控制律,仿真表明采用该控制律不仅可以保证系统稳定性,系统的减振特性亦有改善。最后搭建了悬架时滞反馈控制平台,基于时域辨识方法测得系统固有时滞为0.065 s,通过对相同工况下仿真结果与试验结果进行对比,发现两者具有较好的一致性,误差在15%以内,满足业内使用要求,表明研究可信,结果可为主动/半主动车辆悬架控制器实际设计应用提供参考。     

Long-Term and Immediate Effects of Whole Body Vibration on Chronic Lameness in the Horse: A Pilot Study

The effects of whole body vibration (WBV) in horses with chronic lameness were evaluated in an experimental, single subject, repeated measure design. To assess the long-term effect of WBV, eight horses not previously exposed to WBV were subject to WBV, 30 minutes twice daily, five days a week, for 60 days in addition to their regular exercise routine. Lameness was assessed subjectively and objectively 30 days before the start, at the start and 30 and 60 days after the start of the treatment (WBV). The immediate effect of WBV was assessed in four horses accustomed to WBV, by comparing lameness before and within 30 minutes of a single 30-minute WBV session at four different time intervals. Change in lameness was sought using paired t tests on the kinematic data. A P-value of <.05 was considered statistically significant. Intraindividual change was sought using a subjective and objective scoring system. No statistically significant change in lameness was seen after 30 or 60 days of WBV, respectively, in the chronically lame horses not previously exposed to WBV. However, a trend toward improvement was observed after the first 30 days of WBV, but this improvement appeared to be lost during the second 30 days of WBV. Although a statistically significant worsening of front limb lameness was seen immediately after a single 30-minute WBV session in the chronically lame horses accustomed to WBV, this result was largely attributed to a very significant worsening of the front limb lameness in one horse within that group.     

肉牛源细极链格孢菌的分离鉴定

为鉴定肉牛皮肤病病原及其致病性并筛选其敏感药物,本研究取患皮肤病肉牛病变部位皮屑、毛发和痂皮进行病原菌的分离,并对分离菌株进行了形态学鉴定、ITS序列分析、小鼠致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示分离到1株形态特征与细极链格孢菌极其相似的菌株(PY2-1-2);经PCR扩增、测序和BLAST序列比对,结果显示分离株(PY2-1-2)的ITS基因序列与细极链格孢菌(MG975630.1)的ITS基因序列的相似性为99%,分离株PY2-1-2的ITS基因序列长度为543 bp,该片段包括ITS1、5.8S rDNA和ITS2的全部基因序列以及18S rDNA和28S rDNA的部分基因序列,提交GenBank(MH656780.1)。根据形态学结合ITS基因序列分析结果确定该分离株为细极链格孢菌。小鼠致病性试验结果显示该菌对小鼠有致病性。药敏试验结果显示:该菌对灰黄霉素、氟康唑、伊曲康唑、酮康唑的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值分别为0.5μg/mL、4μg/mL、1μg/mL、1μg/mL。本研究为今后进一步探究细极链格孢菌引起的皮肤病诊治提供科学有效的参考。     

基于显著性增强和迁移学习的鱼类识别研究

针对水下鱼类无法快速准确识别的难点,提出一种具有图像主体自动增强功能的鱼类迁移学习方法。该方法将鱼类RGB图像转换至Lab颜色空间后,利用中央周边算子计算得到整个输入图像的显著性值,进而提供鱼类目标的潜在区域,并结合GrabCut算法获取鱼类分割图像,最终将融合分割图的原始图像送入优化后的残差网络中进行训练。通过对23种鱼类进行识别试验,结果显示,固定ImageNet数据集上ResNet-50预训练模型的conv1层和conv2层参数,微调高层参数的方法能够取得最好的识别效果,且在公开的Fish4Knowledge数据集上,该模型取得了最高的识别准确率,平均识别精度达到99.63%。与其他卷积神经网络方法的对比结果显示,本方法在Fish4Knowledge和Fish30Image数据集上的识别精度和时间性能均具有较大优势,其中识别准确率至少提升4.98%。多个数据集上的试验验证了模型的有效性。     

Delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test against Neospora caninum in heifers with undetectable specific antibodies

Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) has been used in human and veterinary medicine as a skin testing for evaluating in vivo cell-mediated immune responses (CMIR). Whereas CMIR is a key process to control intracellular pathogens, its value at identifying cattle exposed to the abortigenic intracellular coccidian parasite Neospora caninum is unknown. In this work, we have evaluated a DTH skin testing in cattle exposed to N. caninum and still seronegative. Female calves were experimentally sensitized by subcutaneous (SC) inoculation with live tachyzoites of N. caninum (NC-Argentina LP1) in sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (group A; n: 8) whereas other calveswere mock-sensitized with PBS (group B; n: 6). Two DTH skin tests were performed by intradermal inoculation with a soluble lysate of N. caninum tachyzoites (NC-Argentina LP1) in the neck region at 60d and 960 d after sensitization. Skinfold thickness at the intradermal inoculation site was measured at 0, 24, 48 h post each DTH skin test and skin biopsies taken for microscopic evaluation. Specific N. caninum antibodies kinetics was evaluated all throughthe experiment. We found that whereas N. caninum specific antibodies remained below the ELISA cut-off, a distinctive skinfold thickness increase was detected in sensitized animals (group A) at the DTH skin test site, showing induration, swelling and inflammatory infiltration. Mock sensitized animals (group B) showed no skinfold thickness growth and lacked specific antibody response. Thus, N. caninum DTH skin testing could be a useful diagnostic tool for the detection of CMIR during N. caninum infection in non-humoral responders.     

草莓新品种引进比较试验

为了解决东海县草莓品种单一及品种退化的问题,实现草莓品种的更新换代,提高草莓品质及经济效益,从江苏省农业科学院、北京神舟绿鹏农业科技有限公司等单位引进了紫金久红、章姬、隋珠、脱毒红颜等9个草莓品种进行比较试验。结果表明:脱毒红颜、妙香植株长势好、田间综合性状较好,具有果形端正、光泽度高、口感细腻、产量高等特点,比较适宜在东海县推广栽培。     

叶片角度对输水泵站泵装置水力性能影响分析

为研究输水泵站泵装置水力性能受叶片角度变化的影响,采用CFD方法模拟全流道泵装置水力性能,分析设计流量工况下叶片角度变化对进水流道、出水流道流动及叶轮内部流动特性和水力性能的影响.结果表明:在设计流量工况下,叶片角度偏离设计工况角度,叶轮进口近轮毂区存在回流、脱流;叶片角度偏离设计工况角度越大,进水流道、出水流道内水流流态越差,水力损失越大.当叶片角度调节为-8°工况时,与叶片角度-0°工况比较,进水流道和出水流道水力损失相对值最大,分别为1.28和2.89.即叶片同等偏离角度下,出水流道水力损失增大幅度较进水流道更加明显.对比数值模拟结果与模型试验结果得出,在设计流量工况,叶片角度为0°时,扬程相对误差为1.2%,效率相对误差为2.1%,两者吻合较好.     

Effect of Plasticizers on Properties of Rice Straw Fiber Film

In order to improve the properties of rice straw fiber film, one factor contrast test method was employed. Plasticizer type was chosen as input variable, dry tension strength and elongation, wet tension strength and elongation, bursting strength and tearing strength were chosen as indexes. The results showed that there were significant differences among the means of dry tension strength, dry elongation and bursting strength of different plasticizers; there were not significant differences among the means of wet tension strength, wet elongation and tearing strength of different plasticizers; for dry tension strength and elongation, glycerol had a significant difference with sorbitol and PEG, no significant difference was observed between sorbitol and PEG, dry tension strength added glycerol had been reduced 6.8% compared with that added sorbitol, reduced 9.5% compared with that added PEG; elongation had been improved 6.1% and 9.4%, respectively; for bursting strength, sorbitol had a significant difference with glycerol and PEG, no significant difference was observed between glycerol and PEG; bursting strength added glycerol and added PEG had been improved 6.9% and 5.6%, respectively compared with that of the added sorbitol. The results provided a theoretical reference for further improving the straw fiber film manufacturing process.